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Objective:To explore the relationship between negative evaluation fear and mobile phone addiction, and the mediating role of balanced time perspective.Methods:In April 2021, totally 1 158 secondary vocational school students were investigated by scales of fear of negative evaluation(FNE), mobile phone addiction index(MPAI)and Zimbardo time perspective inventory(ZTPI). The balanced time perspective was calculated by deviation from the balanced time perspective(DBTP). SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used for descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis of the data.Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect.Results:(1) Negative evaluation fear(37.87±7.71)was significantly positively correlated with balanced time perspective(4.50±0.75)( r= 0.379, P<0.01) and mobile phone addiction(46.11±11.92)( r=0.437, P<0.01). The balanced time perspective was significantly positively correlated with mobile phone addiction( r=0.475, P<0.01). (2) Negative evaluation fear directly and positively predicted mobile phone addiction( β=0.300, 95% CI=0.248-0.352). The balanced time perspective played a partial mediating role between negative evaluation fear and mobile phone addiction, and the mediating effect value was 0.137, accounted for 31.31%(0.137/0.437) of the total effect. Conclusion:The fear of negative evaluation can directly affect the mobile phone addiction behavior of secondary vocational students, and can also indirectly affect the mobile phone addiction by affecting the balanced time perspective.Good balanced time perspective can reduce the risk caused by the fear of negative evaluation.
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Objective:To investigate the influencing factors for lymph node metastasis and prognosis in stage T1 and T2 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical surgery and construct nomogram prediction models.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinico-pathological data of 672 patients with T1 and T2 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2014 to December 2019 were collected. There were 464 males and 208 females, aged (65±8)years. All patients under-went radical esophagectomy+2 or 3 field lymph node dissection. Observation indicators: (1) lymph node dissection, metastasis and follow-up. (2) risk factors for lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer after radical resection. (3) prognostic factors of esophageal cancer after radical resection. (4) construction and evaluation of the prediction models of lymph node metastasis and prognosis of esophageal cancer after radical resection. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination, telephone and internet consultations to detect survival of patients up to April 2021. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate and draw survival curve. Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Logistic regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses of risk for lymph node metastasis, and COX regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses of prognosis. Based on the results of multi-variate analysis, the nomogram prediction models for lymph node metastasis and prognosis predic-tion were constructed. The prediction discrimination of the nomogram models were evaluated using the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The calibration curve was used to evaluate the prediction consistency of the models. Results:(1) Lymph node dissection, metastasis and follow-up. The number of lymph node dissected was 14±8 and the number of lymph node metastasis was 2(range, 1?19) in 672 patients. Of the 672 patients, there were 182 cases had lymph node metastasis, including 58 cases in T1 stage and 124 cases in T2 stage. All 672 patients were followed up for 38 (range, 1?85)months. The average overall survival time of 672 patients was 65 months, with the 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate as 89.0%, 74.3%, 66.0%, respectively. The average overall survival time of 325 patients in T1 stage and 347 patients in T2 stage were 70 months and 61 months. The 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate of 325 patients in T1 stage and 347 patients in T2 stage were 95.0%, 83.5%, 73.4% and 87.4%, 69.9%, 59.2%, respectively, showing a significant difference in survival between them ( χ2=14.51, P<0.05). (2) Risk factors for lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer after radical resection. Results of univariate analysis showed that tumor location, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging were related factors affecting lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer after radical resection ( odds ratio=1.40, 1.54, 2.56, 95% confidence interval as 1.07?1.85, 1.20?1.99, 1.79-3.67, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor location, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging were independent factors affecting lymph node metastasis ( odds ratio=1.42, 1.61, 2.63, 95% confidence interval as 1.07?1.89, 1.25?2.09, 1.82?3.78, P<0.05). (3) Prognostic factors of esophageal cancer after radical resection. Results of univariate analysis showed that preoperative comorbidities, postoperative complications, tumor histological grade (G3), tumor T staging, tumor N staging (N1 stage, N2 stage, N3 stage), tumor TNM staging (Ⅲ stage, Ⅳ stage) were related factors affecting prognosis of esophageal cancer after radical resection ( hazard ratio= 1.48, 1.64, 2.23, 1.85, 2.09, 4.48, 4.97, 3.54, 5.53, 95% confidence interval as 1.08?2.03, 1.20?2.23, 1.47?3.39, 1.34?2.54, 1.44?3.04, 2.89?6.95, 1.57?15.73, 2.48?5.05, 1.73?17.68, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that preoperative comorbidities, G3 of tumor histological grade, T2 stage of tumor T staging, N1 stage, N2 stage, N3 stage of tumor N staging were independent risk factors affecting prognosis of esophageal cancer after radical resection ( hazard ratio=1.57, 1.89, 1.63, 1.71, 3.72, 3.90, 95% confidence interval as 1.14?2.16, 1.23?2.91, 1.17?2.26, 1.16?2.51, 2.37?5.83, 1.22?12.45, P<0.05). (4) Construction and evaluation of the prediction models of lymph node metastasis and prognosis of esophageal cancer after radical resection. Based on the results of multivariate analysis, tumor location, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging were applied to construct a nomo-gram model for lymph node metastasis prediction of esophageal cancer after radical resection, the score of tumor location, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging were 82, 100, 100, respectively, and the sum of the scores corresponding to the lymph node metastasis rate. Preoperative comor-bidity, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging, tumor N staging were applied to construct a nomo-gram model for 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate prediction of esophageal cancer after radical resection, the score of preoperative comorbidity, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging, tumor N staging were 23, 38, 27, 100, respectively, and the sum of the scores corres-ponding to the 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate. Results of ROC showed that the AUC of nomogram model for lymph node metastasis prediction after radical esophagectomy was 0.66 (95% confidence interval as 0.62?0.71, P<0.05). The AUC of nomogram model for 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate prediction after radical esophagectomy were 0.73, 0.74, 0.71 (95% confidence intervals as 0.66?0.80, 0.68?0.79, 0.65?0.78, P<0.05). Results of calibration curve showed that the predicted lymph node metastasis rate and the predicted 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate by nomogram models were consistent with the actual lymph node metastasis rate and 1-, 3-, 5-year overall survival rate. Conclusions:Tumor location, tumor histological grade, tumor T staging are independent factors affecting lymph node metastasis in T1 and T2 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after radical surgery and nomogram model constructed by these indicators can predict the lymph node metas-tasis rate. Preoperative comor-bidities, G3 of tumor histological grade, T2 stage of tumor T staging, N1 stage, N2 stage, N3 stage of tumor N staging are independent risk factors affecting prognosis and nomogram model constructed by these indicators can predict the overall survival rate of patients after surgery.
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ObjectiveTo compare the differences in resistance and structure of skin between acupoints and non-acupoints， and to study the difference in skin permeability characteristics of Corydalis Rhizoma total alkaloid patches （CTTP） after administration at Shenque acupoint and non-acupoint， so as to provide experimental support for its clinical acupoint application to prevent and treat chronic pain. MethodTaking corydaline （CD）， tetrahydropalmatine （THP） and corydalis L （CDL） as evaluation indexes， and the quantitative analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The mobile phase was methanol-0.04 mol·L-1 phosphoric acid aqueous solution （70∶30， pH 6.0 adjusted with triethylamine）， the detection wavelength was 281 nm. In vitro transdermal test in Franz diffusion cell and in vivo transdermal test were used to study the skin permeability characteristics of CTTP through Shenque acupoint and non-acupoint administration. At the same time， the skin resistance between Shenque acupoint and non-acupoint was measured before and after the administration， and the distribution of the drug in each layer of the skin was compared by freezing sectioning， and visual verification was performed with fluorescence inverted microscope. ResultAfter 24 h of administration， the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the cumulative permeation and retention of CD， THP and CDL at Shenque acupoint skin were higher than those at non-acupoint skin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the skin resistance of Shenque acupoint was lower than that of non-acupoint at all time points. The fluorescence microscopic observation results showed that the drug content of each layer of the skin was all Shenque acupoint>non-acupoint， indicating that the skin of Shenque acupoint had better effect on drug penetration and storage than non-acupoint. ConclusionThe 24 h cumulative permeation and retention of CTTP in Shenque acupoint skin are higher than those in non-acupoint skin， and the mechanism may be related to the thin skin， low electrical resistance and large number of hair follicle bodies at Shenque acupoint.
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ObjectiveTo compare the differences in resistance and structure of skin between acupoints and non-acupoints， and to study the difference in skin permeability characteristics of Corydalis Rhizoma total alkaloid patches （CTTP） after administration at Shenque acupoint and non-acupoint， so as to provide experimental support for its clinical acupoint application to prevent and treat chronic pain. MethodTaking corydaline （CD）， tetrahydropalmatine （THP） and corydalis L （CDL） as evaluation indexes， and the quantitative analysis was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The mobile phase was methanol-0.04 mol·L-1 phosphoric acid aqueous solution （70∶30， pH 6.0 adjusted with triethylamine）， the detection wavelength was 281 nm. In vitro transdermal test in Franz diffusion cell and in vivo transdermal test were used to study the skin permeability characteristics of CTTP through Shenque acupoint and non-acupoint administration. At the same time， the skin resistance between Shenque acupoint and non-acupoint was measured before and after the administration， and the distribution of the drug in each layer of the skin was compared by freezing sectioning， and visual verification was performed with fluorescence inverted microscope. ResultAfter 24 h of administration， the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the cumulative permeation and retention of CD， THP and CDL at Shenque acupoint skin were higher than those at non-acupoint skin （P<0.05， P<0.01）， the skin resistance of Shenque acupoint was lower than that of non-acupoint at all time points. The fluorescence microscopic observation results showed that the drug content of each layer of the skin was all Shenque acupoint>non-acupoint， indicating that the skin of Shenque acupoint had better effect on drug penetration and storage than non-acupoint. ConclusionThe 24 h cumulative permeation and retention of CTTP in Shenque acupoint skin are higher than those in non-acupoint skin， and the mechanism may be related to the thin skin， low electrical resistance and large number of hair follicle bodies at Shenque acupoint.
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OBJECTIVE@#To carry out genetic testing for a pedigree affected with carotid body tumor (CBT).@*METHODS@#Members of the pedigree were enrolled and underwent physical examination, ultrasonography and CT scan. Genomic DNA of the proband was extracted from peripheral blood sample and subjected to exome sequencing. Candidate variants were predicted using bioinformatic tools and verified among members from his pedigree.@*RESULTS@#A c.170-1G>T splicing variant of the SDHD gene was detected in 15 individuals from the pedigree. Physical examination and imaging confirmed that 9 of them had CBT and hypertension, while the remaining 6 died of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.@*CONCLUSION@#The c.170-1G>T variant of the SDHD gene probably underlies the CBT in this pedigree. Genetic testing should be considered for CBT patients with CBT in addition to conventional clinical examination.
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Objective To explore the value of real-time shear wave elastography in evaluating gastrocnemius muscle elasticity in patients with lumbar disc herniation.Methods One hundred patients with clinically diagnosed unilateral lumbar disc herniation were selected.Selective nerve root block combined with ozone ablation and pulsed radiofrequency therapy via the lateral crypt was performed.The real-time shear wave elastography was applied to detect the mean elastic modulus (Mean) and the maximum elastic modulus (Max) of bilateral tense gastrocnemius muslcs (kPa) before and after treatment.Statistical analysis was done.Results The EMean and EMax values of ipsilateral tension in gastrocnemius muscle before treatment were (11.28±2.60)kPa and (15.26±2.63)kPa,lower than those of contralateral (EMean:[16.284-5.25]kPa,EMax:[21.13±6.62]kPa;t=78.241,64.634,both P＜0.001).The EMean and EMax values of ipsilateral tension in gastrocnemius muscle after treatment were (13.18±2.38)kPa and (17.63± 2.73)kPa,higher than those before treatment (t=6.407,14.815,both P＜0.001).In different strength condition,EMean and EMax of gastrocnemius muscle before and after treatment were statistically significant (all P＜0.001).With the myodynamia increasing,EMean and EMax also increased before and after treatment.The differences between patients with any two different myodynamia were statistically different (all P＜0.05).Conclusion The muscle tissue recovery can be evaluated quantitatively by detecting EMean and EMax of tense gastrocnemius in patients with lumbar disc herniation using real-time shear wave elastography before and after treatment.
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Objective To investigate imaging characteristics of human skin in different sites by using 20-MHz and 50-MHz high-frequency ultrasonography,and to compare the reliability of skin thickness measurement by the above two approaches of ultrasonography.Methods A total of 39 healthy volunteers aged 18-39 years were enrolled into this study.Then,20-MHz and 50-MHz ultrasonography were separately performed to image 20 different sites on the body,and the thickness of the epidermis and dermis were measured and evaluated by 3 dermatologists independently.The ultrasonic images were analyzed,and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess and compare the reliability of skin thickness measurement by 20-MHz and 50-MHz ultrasound.Results The ICC values were less than or close to 0.7 in epidermal thickness measurement at almost all the tested sites between 20-MHz and 50-MHz ultrasonography,suggesting poor reliability.However,20-MHz and 50-MHz ultrasonography showed excellent reliability in dermal thickness measurement with the ICC greater than 0.75 at almost all the tested smooth and flat body sites.The 20-MHz ultrasound could provide clear images of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue,while 50-MHz ultrasound could only provide clearer images of the dermis in details.In some uneven sites with complex anatomical structures,20-MHz and 50-MHz ultrasound probes had their own advantages and disadvantages in imaging depth and detail resolution.Conclusions The 20-MHz and 50-MHz ultrasono-graphy both can serve as non-invasive imaging techniques to show structures of the epidermis and dermis better.In different parts of human body,ultrasound frequencies should be selected according to their imaging characteristics.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical application of balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty (BET) in patients with Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). Method:Twenty-five patients who were diagnosed as ETD and reserved BET surgery were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Result:After 1-year's follow-up, among 25 ETD patients, the total cure rate was 55.9% and the effective rate was 85.3%. The cure rate and effective rate was 52.9% and 76.5% in the delayed opening of the ET group; 58.8% and 94.1% in the unopened group, which was higher than the other one. Conclusion:BET surgery is safe and effective in the treatment of BET patients.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of the vestibular diagnosis and treatment system (SRM-IV ) in diagnosis and treatment of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).@*METHOD@#Patients who were diagnosed as BPPV by SRM-TV in the clinic of our hospital from November 2013 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed in this study.@*RESULT@#Among 425 suspected cases, 230 BPPV-positive patients were diagnosed including 131 cases of posterior SC (57.0%), 95 cases of horizontal SC (41.3%) and 4 cases of more than two SC (1.7%). The cure rate by SRM-V was 94.6% and the effective rate was 100.0%. The relapsed occurred in 10 patients (4.8%), which contained 4 men and 6 women.@*CONCLUSION@#SRM-V can realize 360° reasonable repositioning procedure while Canalish reposition procedure cannot. SRM-V can improve both the corrective rate of diagnosis and the cure rate, especially for the patients who suffered from complex BPPV.